On this page

1. Legislation and official policy documents

2. Data and statistics

3. Studies, reports and academic publications

4. Official websites

Legislation and official policy documents

All translations of Finnish legislation and policy documents in English are unofficial, and are legally binding only in Finnish and Swedish.

 

Act on Agricultural Structural Support 2007 (Laki maatalouden rakennetuista) (last accessed 1.8.2021).

Act on Criminal Record Background of Those Working with Children 2014 (last accessed 20.12.2018).

Act on Discretionary Government Transfers 2001 (last accessed 5.8.2021).

Act on Equality between Women and Men 1986 (last accessed 11.8.2021).

Act on Ombudsman for Children 2004 (Laki lapsiasiavaltuutetusta) (last accessed 20.12.2016).

Act on Pupil and Student Welfare 2013 (Oppilas- ja opiskelijahuoltolaki) (last accessed 25.8.2022)

Act on Political Parties 1969 (last accessed 21.1.2019).

Act on Public Employment and Business Service (last accessed 11.8.2021).

Act on the Protection of Privacy in Working Life 2004 (last accessed 11.8.2021).

Act on General Upper Secondary Education 2018 (Lukiolaki) (last accessed 8.10.2022).

Act on promotion of sport and physical education 2015 (last accessed 8.10.2022).

Act on Vocational Education 2017 (Laki ammatillisesta peruskoulutuksesta) (last accessed 8.10.2022).

Associations Act 1989 (last accessed 23.12.2022).

Basic Education Act 1998 (Perusopetuslaki) (last accessed 8.10.2022).

Child Welfare Act 2007 (last accessed 27.8.2022).

Constitution of Finland 1999 (last accessed 27.8.2022).

Employment Contracts Act 2001 (last accessed 10.3.2023).

Government Decree on Youth Work and Youth Policy 2017 (last accessed 21.4.2023).

Government Decree on the Advisory Board of Civil Society Policy 2007 (Valtioneuvoston asetus kansalaisyhteiskuntapolitiikan neuvottelukunnasta) (last accessed 8.8.2021).

Government Decree on maternity and child health clinic services, school and student health services and preventive oral health services for children and youth 2011 (last accessed 11.1.2023).

Finnish Government. Hallituksen vuosikertomus 2020: Liite 1 Ministeriöiden tuloksellisuuden kuvaukset. (The Government Annual Report 2020: Appendix 1. Reports of effectiveness of the ministries) (last accessed 12.9.2021)

Finnish Government. Inclusive and competent Finland – a socially, economically and ecologically sustainable society. Programme of Prime Minister Sanna Marin’s Government 2019. (last accessed 21.4.2023).

Finnish Government. Information on COVID-19. (last accessed 21.4.2023).

Finnish Government. Government Report on EU Policy. Strong and united EU – towards a more sustainable European Union. Publications of the Finnish Government 2021:5 (last accessed 14.8.2021).

Finnish Government. Programme of Prime Minister Sipilä's Government 2015-2019 (last accessed 5.8.2021).

Finnish Government. The Action Plan for the Implementation of the Key Project and Reforms defined in the Strategic Government Programme (last accessed 11.8.2021).

Finnish Government. Hallituksen vuosikertomus 2020: Liite 1 Ministeriöiden tuloksellisuuden kuvaukset. (The Government Annual Report 2020: Appendix 1 Reports of effectiveness of the ministries (last accessed 12.9.2021)

Health Care Act 2010 (last accessed 27.8.2022).

Language Act 2003 (last accessed 12.8.2021).

Local Government Act 2015 (last accessed 27.9.2022).

Lotteries Act 2001 (last accessed 14.4.2023).

Non-Discrimination Act 2014 (last accessed 9.10.2022).

Occupational Safety and Health Act 2002 (last accessed 11.8.2021).        

PG  (111/2016)  Proposal  of  the  Finnish  Government  to  Parliament  as  regards  the  content  of  the  Youth  Act (HE  111/2016vp Hallituksen  esitys  eduskunnalle  nuorisolaiksi ) (last accessed  3.6.2017).

Polytechnics Act 2014 (last accessed 21.1.2019).

Social Assistance Act 1997 (last accessed 31.12.2018).

Universities Act 2009 (last accessed 8.10.2022).

The Universities of Applied Sciences Act 2014 (last accessed 8.10.2022).

Young Workers’ Act 1993 (last accessed 11.8.2021). 

Youth Act 2017 (last accessed 21.4.2023).

 

Data and statistics

Council of Europe/ERICarts. Compendium of Cultural Policies and Trends in Europe 17^th Edition, 2016/Finland. (last accessed 30.10.2017) 

European Commission. Eurydice Finland (last accessed 11.8.2021).

Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare. National Birth Cohort Studies 1987 and 1997 (last accessed 27.9.2022).

Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare. School Health Promotion Study 2021 (last accessed 27.9.2022).

Finnish National Agency for Education. Statistics on Internationalisation. (last accessed 30.10.2017).

Housing Finance and Development Centre of Finland (ARA) Homelessness in Finland 2017 (last accessed 31.12.2018).

Official Statistics of Finland. Causes of death [e-publication]. Fewer suicides than before. Helsinki: Statistics Finland (last accessed 27.9.2022).

Official Statistics of Finland. Education (last accessed 30.10.2017).

Official Statistics of Finland. Labour Force Survey (last accessed 11.8.2021). 

Official Statistics of Finland. The recession has cut young people's income most (last accessed 20.12.2016).

Official Statistics of Finland. Naiset ja miehet Suomessa 2016 (Women and men in Finland 2014) (last accessed 31.12.2018).

Regional State Administrative Agencies, 2016. Youth Work services are of good quality and available (Nuorisotyön palveluita on hyvin saatavilla) (last accessed 20.12.2016).

 

Studies, reports and academic publications

Aaltonen, S. & Berg, P. (2018) Nuorten aikuisten siirtymät palkkatyöhön ja yrittäjyyteen (Young adults' transitions to wage work and entrepreneurship). Nuorisotutkimus (The Finnish Journal of Youth Research) Vol 36, (2), 3-18.

Aaltonen, S., Berg, P. & Ikäheimo, S. (2015) Young people at the counter. Helsinki: Finnish Youth Research Network & Finnish Youth Research Society (last accessed 31.12.2018).

Citizen Forum (2021) Voluntary activities in 2021 in Finland (Vapaaehtoistyö Suomessa 2021) (last accessed 21.4.2023).

Elo, S. & Kaihari, K. & Mattila, P. & Nissilä, L. (Eds.) (2018) Constructive Interaction. National Agency for Education, Guides and handbooks 2018:8 (last accessed 6.9.2021).

Eurofound (2015) Youth entrepreneurship in Europe: Values, attitudes, policies. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg (last accessed 11.8.2021).

European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training Cedefop (2015) Finland: Forecast highlights up to 2025 (last accessed 21.12.2018).

European Commission (2014) Working with young people: the value of youth work in the European Union (last accessed 19.12.2018).

European Commission (2014) The European Commission Mutual Learning Programme. Key policy messages from the Peer Review on the ‘Youth Guarantee.' Country report of Finland (last accessed 10.8.2021).

European Commission/EACEA/Eurydice/Cedefop (2014) Tackling Early Leaving from Education and Training in Europe: Strategies, Policies and Measures. Eurydice and Cedefop Report. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. (last accessed 19.12.2018). 

European Commission (2015) Education and training monitor 2015 Finland (last accessed 30.10.2017) 

European Commission (2016) Education and training monitor 2016 Finland (last accessed 30.10.2017) 

European Commission (2016) Entrepreneurship Education at School in Europe. Eurydice Report (last accessed 20.12.2016). 

European Commission/EACEA/Eurydice (2016) Structural Indicators for Monitoring Education and Training Systems in Europe – 2016. Eurydice Background Report to the Education and Training Monitor 2016. Eurydice Report. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. (last accessed 29.10.2017).

European Commission (2017) Youth Guarantee country by country: Finland (last accessed 21.12.2018).

European Commission. The European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) (last accessed 9.8.2021).

European Knowledge Centre of Youth Policy, EKCYP Information Sheet 2011. Finland: EKCYP Information Sheet Volunteering of Young People (last accessed 20.12.2018).

European Knowledge Centre of Youth Policy, EKCYP Information Sheet 2014.  Finland: Youth and the World (last accessed 20.12.2018).

European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (2019) ESPAD Report 2019 (last accessed 27.9.2022).

European Union (2006) Key Competences for Lifelong Learning – A European Framework on key competence (last accessed 21.12.2018).

European Union. Council Recommendation 2006/962/EC on key competences for lifelong learning (last accessed 11.8.2021).

European Union. Council Recommendation 2008/C319/8 on the mobility of young volunteers across the European Union (last accessed 8.8.2021).

European Union. Council Recommendation 2017/C189/03 on the European Qualifications Framework for lifelong learning (last accessed 13.1.2023).

European Union (2011) Study on Volunteering in the European Union, Country Report Finland (last accessed 20.12.2018).

European Union. Youth employment: Commission proposes package of measures – frequently asked questions. Memo 5.12.2012. (last accessed 10.8.2021).

European Union. Council Recommendation of 2013/c 120/01 on establishing a Youth Guarantee (last accessed 10.8.2021).

European Union (2015) Youth Report Finland (last accessed 20.12.2016).

Finnish Federation of Settlement Houses. My Finances (last accessed 31.12.2018).

Finnish Government (2019) Lapsen aika. Kohti kansallista lapsistrategiaa 2040 (Child’s Time. Towards a National Strategy for Children 2040). Finnish government publication series 2019:4 (last accessed 27.9.2022).

Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare. One in every four boys and almost one in every five girls is overweight or obese. Press release 10.9.2020 (last accessed 27.9.2022).

Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare. Seksuaalinen häirintä ja väkivalta uhkaavat nuorten osallisuutta: sosiaaliset suhteet ja usko vaikuttamismahdollisuuksiin voivat kutistua (Sexual harrassment and sexual violence threaten young people's ability to participate). Press release 28.2.2022 (last accessed 11.1.2023). 

Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare. The Action Plan on Alcohol, Tobacco, Drugs and Gambling (last accessed 11.1.2023).

Finnish Institute of Occupational Health. Mediatiedote 16.2.2022: Opettajien työhyvinvointi heikentyi uuden opetussuunnitelman myötä. (Press release 16.2.2022: Teachers' work-related wellbeing decreased by the new curriculum) (last accessed 22.12.2022).

Finnish National Agency for Education (2014) The curriculum for primary education and lower secondary education (Perusopetuksen opetussuunnitelman perusteet) (last accessed 8.10.2022).

Finnish National Agency for Education (2015) The curriculum for upper secondary education (Lukion opetussuunnitelman perusteet) (last accessed 8.10.2022).

Finnish National Agency for Education (2016) National Core Curriculum for Basic Education Helsinki: Finnish National Agency for Education (last accessed 8.10.2022).

Finnish National Agency for Education. Eurydice/National Education System/Finland (last accessed 8.10.2022).

Finnish National Commission on Sustainable Development. Cultural Environment Commitment (last accessed 30.10.2017) 

Finnish National Youth Council Allianssi (2016) About Young People in Finland.

Finnish National Youth Council Allianssi & Association of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities (2017) Prospects for municipal youth work (Kunnallisen nuorisotyön tulevaisuusodotukset) (last accessed 20.12.2018).

Finnish Social Science Data Archive. Data on Youth. (last accessed 29.10.2017)

Hirvonen, S., Puolitaival, S. (eds.) (2019) The Value of Volunteering (in Finnish Vapaaehtoistyön arvo) Publications of the Civic Forum 2/2019 (last accessed 8.8.2021).

Holopainen, E. (2020) About Finnish Youth Work 2019 (Nuorisotyöstä Suomessa 2019) -survey. Finnish National Youth Council Allianssi (last accessed 2.3.2023)

Holopainen, E. (2021) Nuorisoalan järjestöt NYT! (Finnish Youth Work Organisations NOW!) Finnish National Youth Council Allianssi & The Youth Work Centre of Expertise Kentauri (last accessed 2.3.2023)

Hukkanen, V.  (9.10.2018) Sähköasentajaksi opiskeleva Esko Laitinen tappaa aikaansa kotona - Opetuksen vähyyteen pettynyt äiti: 'En antaisi Eskon asentaa sähköjä kotiin'. (Esko Laitinen is studying to become an electrian but is in fact wasting time at home - his mother is disappointed with the amount of contact time offered and says that she would not allow her son to install electricity in her home.) YLE public service broadcasting company.

Järvinen, E-M. & Karhuvirta, T. (2009) Let's invent more! Learning materials for Invention Clubs. Teknokas – Technology Education Centre. 

Kalliomaa, J. & Ahonen-Walker, M. (2019) Kunnallinen nuorisotyö Suomessa 2019 (Municipal Youth Work in Finland 2019). Association of Finnish Municipalities (last accessed 11.1.2023). 

Karhunen, H., Pekkarinen, T., Suhonen T. & Virkola, T. (2022) Opiskelijavalintauudistuksen seurantatutkimuksen loppuraportti (Final report of the follow-up study of the student admission reform). VATT Institute for Economic Reserach. 

Karttunen, A. (2019). European inventory on validation of non-formal and informal learning 2018 update: Finland (last accessed 8.10.2022). 

Kiilakoski, T., 2014. School is More. Practices, Opportunities and Problems of Cooperation Between Youth Work and School. Summary. Helsinki: Finnish Youth Research Network & Society. (last accessed 30.10.2017). 

Kolehmainen, M. & Lahtinen, P (2014) Nuorisotyötä koulussa. Humanistinen Ammattikorkeakoulu (last accessed 5.9.2017).

Kotovirta, E., Markkula, J., Pajula, M., Paavola, M., Honkanen, R. & Tuominen, I. (2021) Päihde- ja riippuvuusstrategia Yhteiset suuntaviivat vuoteen 2030 (Substance Use and Addiction Strategy. Joint guidelines until 2030). Publications of the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health 2021:17 (last accessed 11.1.2023). 

Kumpulainen, T. (ed.) (2016) Key figures on apprenticeship training in Finland . Publications 2016: 7. Finnish National Agency for Education (last accessed 11.8.2021).

Liikanen, E. & Hyssälä, L. & Kivistö, K. & Soininvaara, O. & Wideroos, U. & Pekkarinen, T. (2021) Suomalainen rahapelijärjestelmä muutoksessa: Tulevaisuuden vaihtoehtoja. (The Finnish gambling system in transition – Options for the future) Finnish Government, Publications 2021:12 (last accessed 5.9.2021).

Markkula, J., Rapeli, S., Kemppainen, J. & Kotovirta, E. (2021) Ehkäisevän päihdetyön toimintaohjelma. Väliarviointi ja jatkossa tehostettavat toimet vuoteen 2025 (Action Plan on Alcohol, Tobacco, Drugs and Gambling Interim review and measures to be enhanced by 2025). Reports and Memorandums of the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health 2021:13 (last accessed 11.1.2023).

Merikivi, J., Myllyniemi, S., Salasuo, M. (2017) A Grip on Media – A study of children’s and young people’s leisure activities in 2016, with an emphasis on media and physical activities. Finnish Youth Research Society & Finnish Youth Research Network, Ministry of Education and Culture, State Youth Council, National Sports Council (last accessed 30.10.2017).

Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment, Report 19/2015. Closing report of the Youth Guarantee working group and its recommendations for future (Nuorisotakuu-työryhmän loppuraportti ja suositukset jatkotoimiksi)  (last accessed 10.8.2021).

Ministry of Education and Culture. National Youth Work and Policy Programme 2017-2019 (last accessed 21.4.2023).

Ministry of Education and Culture. National Youth Work and Policy Programme 2020-2023 (last accessed 21.4.2023).

Ministry of Education and Culture. Project and legislation. Completed project and reforms. Extension of compulsory education (last accessed 9.10.2022).

Ministry of Education and Culture. Project and legislation. Completed project and reforms. The Right to Learn development programmes (last accessed 9.10.2022).

Ministry of Education and Culture, Publications 11/2013. Hyvä medialukutaito: Suuntaviivat 2013–2016 (Good media literacy skills: Guidelines for 2013–2016) (last accessed 22.12.2022).

Ministry of Education and Culture, Publications 43/2016. National World Heritage Strategy (Yhteinen perintömme – kansallinen maailmanperintöstrategia) (last accessed 30.10.2017).

Ministry of Education and Culture, Publications 10/2017. Promoting children and young people’s possibilities for recreational activities - Central government grant practices and facilitating voluntary activities. Report in Finnish (last accessed 25.8.2022). 

Ministry of Education and Culture, Publications 19/2017. Working group on Ensuring possibilities for recreational activities for every child and young person. Report in Finnish. (last accessed 30.10.2017).

Ministry of Education and Culture, Publications 20/2017. Opetus- ja kulttuuriministeriön kulttuuripolitiikan strategia 2025. (Cultural Policy Strategy 2025 of Ministry of Education and Culture) (last accessed 21.12.2018).

Ministry of  Education and Culture, Publications 22/2017. Strategy for Cultural Policy (last accessed 30.10.2017).

Ministry of  Education and Culture, Publications 7/2019. Strategy for Leisure Activities (last accessed 11.1.2023).

Ministry of Education and Culture. Strategy for Lifelong Guidance 2020–2023. National Lifelong Guidance Forum (last accessed 8.5.2023).

Ministry of Education and Culture. Strategy: Lifelong guidance to support people on educational and career paths (last accessed 8.5.2023).

Ministry of Education and Culture. Students on the move – increasing sense of community and study ability (last accessed 25.8.2022).

Ministry of Education and Culture & Finnish National Agency for Education. Quality and Equality in Vocational Education and Training 2020–2022 -programme (last accessed 8.5.2023). 

Ministry of Environment (2016) The Finland we want by 2050 - Society's Commitment to Sustainable Development (last accessed 31.12.2018).

Ministry of Environment (2015) Implementation Plan of the Cultural Environment Strategy. (Kulttuuriympäristön toimeenpanosuunnitelma)(last accessed 30.10.2017).

Ministry of Finance, Publications 39/2015. Volunteering, voluntary activities, and neighbourly help – everything goes. The Working Group’s closing report regarding voluntary work, examining the coordination and development of the operational preconditions of voluntary activities (Vapaaehtoistyö, talkootyö, naapuriapu – kaikki käy. Vapaaehtoistoiminnan koordinaatiota ja toimintaedellytysten kehittämistä selvittävän työryhmän loppuraportti) (last accessed 28.1.2019).

Ministry for Foreign Affairs (2014) Human rights report 2014 (last accessed 22.1.2019).

Ministry of the Interior, Publications 3/2020. National Action Plan for the Prevention of Violent Radicalisation and Extremism 2019-2023 (last accessed 6.9.2021).

Ministry of the Interior, Publications 24/2017. Violent extremism in Finland – situation overview 1/2018 (last accessed 6.9.2021).

Ministry of Justice. National Democracy Programme 2025 (last accessed 21.4.2023).

Ministry of Justice. Legislative Process Drafting Guide (last accessed 22.1.2019).

Ministry of Social Affairs and Health. Council for Gender Equality (2021) Kuntapolitiikan tasa-arvokysymyksiä. Sukupuolten tasa-arvo Suomen kunnissa 2017–2021. (Gender equality in local government policy. Gender equality in Finnish municipalities between 2017 and 2021) Helsinki 2021. TANE publications 19. Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, Council for Gender Equality. ISSN 1459-0069. ISBN 978-952-00-9707-3 (PDF).

Ministry of Social Affairs and Health (2019) Programme to address child and family services (LAPE). Towards child and family-oriented services. 

Moilanen, T. & Airaksinen, M. & Kangasniemi, M. (2019) Manual on multi-professional Anchor work - a multi-professional collaboration to promote the well-being of adolescents and prevent crime. Publications of the Ministry of the Interior 2019:24 (last accessed 6.9.2021).

Myllyniemi, S. (2016) On Everyday Life – the 2015 Youth Barometer. Finnish Youth Research Society & Finnish Youth Research Network, Ministry of Education and Culture, State Youth Council (last accessed 19.12.2018).

Mäkelä, M. (2022). Prospects and challenges: work-integrated learning as a key component of validation in higher education. In M. Fellner, A. Pausits, T. Pfepper & S. Oppl (eds.) Validierung und Anerkennung non-formal und informell erworbener Kompetenzen an Hochschulen : Rahmenbedingungen, Erfahrungen und Herausforderungen. Studienreihe Hochschulforschung Österreich, vol 3, (163–173). Waxmann. DOI: 10.31244/9783830994701.

Määttä, M. (ed.) (2018) One-Stop Guidance Center (Ohjaamo) – Ready to offer multi-agency services for the young. ELY-Centre Central Finland (the Centres for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment) (last accessed 11.8.2021).

National Audiovisual Institute. Finnish Media Education. Promoting media and information literacy in Finland (last accessed 18.1.2019). 

Niemi, H., Multisilta, L., Lipponen, L. & Vivitsou, M. (eds.) (2014) Finnish Innovations and Technologies in Schools A Guide Towards New Ecosystems of Learning. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers. (last accessed 30.10.2017). 

Niiranen, M. (2015) Velkajärjestelylain muutos 2015 (The changes made in the Act on the Adjustment of the Debts of a Private Individual 2015). Finnish Competion and Consumer Authority (last accessed 7.9.2021).

Norrman, M., Odell, H. Tapio, M. & Vuohelainen, E. (2016) YOUTH SUBSTANCE USE PREVENTION – Let’s do this together! HUMAK University of Applied Sciences (last accessed 11.1.2023).

OECD (2017) PISA 2015 Results Student’s wellbeing (Volume III) Overview (last accessed 30.10.2017).

Pekkarinen, E. & Myllyniemi, S. (eds.) (2019) Vaikutusvaltaa Euroopan laidalla. Nuorisobarometri 2018. (Influence on the Edge of Europe. Youth Barometer 2018) Research Society & Finnish Youth Research Network, Ministry of Education and Culture, State Youth Council.

Police of Finland. Police concerned about growing drug use among children and the young. Press release 8.3.2021 (last accessed 27.9.2022). 

Rönkä, S. & Markkula, J. (eds.) (2020) Huumetilanne Suomessa 2020 (Drug situation in Finland 2020). National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL). Report 13/2020. Helsinki, Finland 2020.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO (2014) Comprehensive Sexuality Education: The Challenges and Opportunities of Scaling-up Sex education (last accessed 11.1.2023)

University of Helsinki. University students’ wellbeing continues to decline. Press release 17.12.2020 (last accessed 22.12.2022)

VATT Institute for Economic Research. Student admissions reform of higher education institutions: Filling in most of student places based on certificate admissions made admission process more efficient. Press release, published 3.6.2022 (last accessed 22.12.2022). 

Välijärvi, J. (2019) Enabling growth, learning and inclusion for all. Research findings and recommendations for promoting children and young people’s opportunities for balanced growth, health and impact. Publications of the Finnish Government 2019:9.

YLE News (17.2.2022) "Historic" reform: Tougher laws against sexual assault and harassment to take effect in 2023. 

 

Official websites

Aalto Entreneurship Society – Aaltoes. Home (last accessed 11.8.2021).

Aalto Entreneurship Society – Aaltoes. Startup Sauna co-working space (last accessed 11.8.2021). 

Aalto University. Home (last accessed 11.8.2021).

Aalto University. Startup Life. An inspiring internship abroad (last accessed 11.8.2021).

Academic Engineers and Archirects in Finland TEK. Home (last accessed 30.11.2022).

Academy of Finland. Strategic research funded research supports policy-making (last accessed 28.1.2019).

Advisory Board for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities VANE. Home (last accessed 21.4.2023).

Allianssi Youth Exchanges. Home (last accessed 21.4.2023).

Association of Cultural Heritage Education in Finland. Homepage (last accessed 30.10.2017). 

Arts Promotion Centre Finland. Homepage (last accessed 30.10.2017). 

Association of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities. Homepage (last accessed 21.4.2023).

Barents Euro-Arctic Council. Home (last accessed 5.9.2021).

Barents Euro-Arctic Council. Joint Working Group on Health and Related Social Issues (last accessed 5.9.2021).

Barents Euro-Arctic Council. Joint Working Group on Youth (last accessed 5.9.2021).

Business Finland. Home (last accessed 11.8.2021). 

Business Finland. Young Innovative Company Funding (last accessed 11.8.2021).

Centre of Expertise Kentauri. Information about Competence Disc (last accessed 13.1.2023).

Church Resources Agency. Home (last accessed 13.1.2023).

Church Resources Agency. Volunteer.fi (last accessed 13.1.2023).

Citizen Forum. Home (last accessed 5.8.2021).

Citizen Forum. JEP – Nuorten näköinen vapaaehtoistoiminta (JEP – volunteering for young people) (last accessed 8.5.2023).

Citizen Forum. Aiemmat hankkeet (Earlier projects) (last accessed 10.8.2021).

Citizen Forum. Nuorten vapaaehtoistyön käsikirja (Handbook for young people’s volunteering) (last accessed 10.8.2021).

City of Helsinki. InfoFinland.fi (last accessed 6.9.2021).

City of Helsinki. Volunteer Helsinki (last accessed 13.1.2023).

City of Helsinki. Verke (last accessed 13.1.2023).

City of Lahti. Centre of Expertise for Municipal Youth Work Kanuuna (Cannon) (last accessed 21.4.2023). 

City of Lahti, Cannon. Young people getting independent (last accessed 21.4.2023).

City of Tampere. Youth clinic (last accessed 12.9.2021).

Children of the Station. Home (last accessed 27.9.2022).

Children's and Youth's Association. Home (last accessed 30.10.2017). 

Children’s and Youth’s Association. Activities (last accessed 30.10.2017). 

Council of Europe. Home (last accessed 1.8.2021).

Culture for All. Home (last accessed 30.10.2017).  

Development centre Opinkirjo. Home (last accessed 30.11.2022). 

Development centre Opinkirjo. The Finnish Contest for Young Scientists (last accessed 30.11.2022). 

Development centre Opinkirjo. YritysHyvä (last accessed 30.11.2022). 

Diaconia University of Applied Sciences. Bachelor of Social Sciences (last accessed 30.10.2017)  

Eating Disorder Association of Finland (Syömishäiriöliitto – SYLI ry). Home (last accessed 11.1.2023). 

Educa-fairs. Home (last accessed 28.1.2019).

ELY-Centre Central Finland (the Centres for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment) Kohtaamo (Meeting-site) (last accessed 11.8.2021).

Employment Service Office. Home (last accessed 27.9.2022).

ERYICA European Youth Information and Counselling Agency. Homepage (last accessed 28.1.2019). 

Euroguidance. Guidance System in Finland (last accessed 21.12.2018).

European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training Cedefop. Home (last accessed 10.8.2021). 

European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training Cedefop. Skills anticipation in Finland. Skills Panorama Analytical Highlights 2017 (last accessed 10.8.2021).

European Commission – a Better Internet for Kids (BIK). Finnish Safer Internet Centre (last accessed 18.1.2019). 

European Social Fund (ESF). Home (last accessed 5.8.2021).

European Students’ Union ESU. Homepage (last accessed 21.1.2019).

European Union. Home (last accessed 1.8.2021).

European Union. European Solidarity Corps (last accessed 23.12.2022).

Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland. Home (last accessed 23.12.2022). 

Family Federation of Finland. Home (last accessed 21.4.2023).

Family Federation of Finland. Hyvä kysymys (Good guestion -website for young people) (last accessed 21.4.2023).

Family Federation of Finland & Ministry of Social Affairs and Health. Kumita -campaign (last accessed 11.1.2023).

Federation of Mother and Child Homes and Shelters. Home (last accessed 6.9.2021).

Federation of Mother and Child Homes and Shelters. Chat (last accessed 11.1.2023). 

Federation of Finnish Enterprises. Home (last accessed 11.8.2021).

Federation of Finnish Enterprises. Young Entrepreneurs (Nuoret yrittäjät) (last accessed 11.8.2021).

Finnish Academy. Home (last accessed 5.9.2021).

Finnish Academy. Strategic Research (last accessed 5.9.2021).

Finnish Association for Children and Youth. Service operation Saapas (last accessed 27.9.2022)

Finnish Association for Substance Abuse Prevention (EHYT). Home (last accessed 25.8.2022).

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