2.5 Cross-border mobility programmes
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EU programmes
Luxembourg participates in the European Solidarity Corps (ESC), an initiative of the European Union designed for young people between 17 and 30 years of age. The initiative supports participants to carry out volunteering activities, traineeships and jobs in their own country or abroad. It aims at strengthening cohesion, solidarity, democracy and citizenship in Europe, while also responding to societal challenges and strengthening communities, with particular effort to promote social inclusion. Luxembourg has also been participating in the EU Aid Volunteers programme, by which young people can become volunteers in humanitarian projects worldwide, showing solidarity with people in need of assistance.
With the European Solidarity Corps regulation for the period 2021-2027, the EU Aid Volunteers initiative has been integrated as a new strand of action (art. 1). Anefore (the national agency in charge of the European programmes in the fields of education, training and youth) is responsible for the formal implementation of the European Solidarity Corps. In 2022, a budget of €843,774 has been allocated to support the implementation of all the actions of the ESC, including volunteering projects, solidarity projects, networking activities, as well as training and evaluation programmes. A total of 15 projects have been selected, involving 211 participants (Anefore, 2022).
Other programmes
The Voluntary Cooperation Service (SVC; Service Volontaire de Coopération) was launched in March 2009 in cooperation with the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs and the Luxembourgish cooperation circle of development NGOs. It offers a volunteering opportunity for young people (18 to 30 years of age) who are interested in providing aid in developing countries. The objective is to raise the awareness of young people concerning the problems in developing countries in order to develop their solidarity via a concrete project, to provide learning opportunities to develop specific competences and to valorise the experience. They may participate in a cooperation project for 3 to 12 months. The total number of participants in the Voluntary Cooperation Service decreased from 29 in 2019 (MENJE, 2020) to 8 in 2020 (MENJE, 2021a) and 5 in 2020-2021 (MENJE, 2022) (2019: 86). This comparatively low numbers in 2020 and 2021 result from the sanitary crisis and the related mobility and travel restrictions. 21 young people had to interrupt their voluntary service abroad in 2020 and returned to Luxembourg before the end of their mission.
Legal framework applying to foreign volunteers
According to the 2007 Law on Youth Voluntary Service (loi du 31 octobre 2007 sur le service volontaire des jeunes) (Art. 4,(5)), foreign volunteers have to comply with the regulations on entry and residence requirements. They are required to come from another Erasmus+: Youth in Action partner country or a country that shares a cooperation or cultural agreement with Luxembourg.
The law stipulates that the organisation must provide volunteers with health, pension and accident insurance for the duration of their voluntary service, if they are not already covered by social security in their country of origin. In addition, the organisation must take out civil liability insurance with an insurer duly approved in Luxembourg for the benefit of the volunteers for the duration of their stay.
Moreover, volunteers from non-EU member states must meet further specific requirements. The host organisation must guarantee him/her for the entire duration of his/her stay, in particular for the costs of the stay and the return. Volunteers from non-EU member states receive a residency permit for a maximum of one year.